Source Themes

Clinical management decisions for adults with prolonged acute cough: Frequency and associated factors

__Background__ Uncomplicated episodes of prolonged acute cough are usually viral and self-limited, but despite evidence and recommendations to the contrary, they are often treated with antibiotics. __Methods__ Mixed cross-sectional and prospective …

An attempt to reproduce a previous meta-analysis and a new analysis regarding the impact of directly observed therapy on tuberculosis treatment outcomes

Directly observed therapy (DOT) is almost universally used for the treatment of TB. Several meta-analyses using different methods have assessed the effectiveness of DOT compared to self-administered therapy (SAT). The results of these meta-analyses …

Accuracy of signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis and acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

__PURPOSE__ To evaluate the accuracy of signs and symptoms for the diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS). __METHODS__ We searched Medline to identify studies of outpatients with clinically suspected ARS and sufficient data reported to calculate …

Impact of a rapid point of care test for influenza on guideline consistent care and antibiotic use

_Background_: Rapid influenza diagnostic tests that detect the presence of viral antigens are currently used throughout the United States but have poor sensitivity. The objective of this study was to identify if the use of a new highly accurate …

Seroprevalence of Dengue and Zika Virus in Blood Donations: A Systematic Review

The presence of antibodies to Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) can be detected in blood donations. Donation-based surveillance provides an alternative strategy to estimate population prevalence by detecting antibodies that are circulating. …

Exploring the impact of inoculum dose on host immunity and morbidity to inform model-based vaccine design

Vaccination is an effective method to protect against infectious diseases. An important consideration in any vaccine formulation is the inoculum dose, i.e., amount of antigen or live attenuated pathogen that is used. Higher levels generally lead to …

Diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis in primary care: a systematic review of test accuracy

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a common primary care infection, but there have been no recent, comprehensive diagnostic meta-analyses. To determine the accuracy of laboratory and imaging studies for the diagnosis of ARS. Systematic review of …